Direct transmission of blood or body fluids occurs through

• A. Touching contaminated objects
• B. Kissing, touching, coughing, sneezing, and talking
• C. Airborne droplets over long distances
• D. Waterborne contact

Answer: (B)

Direct transmission happens when blood or body fluids pass straight from one person to another through close contact or exposure to droplets. Kissing and touching involve direct contact with fluids that can contact someone’s mucous membranes or broken skin. Coughing, sneezing, and talking produce respiratory droplets that can land in or be inhaled by another person, delivering pathogens carried in those fluids directly. The other options describe indirect routes (touching contaminated objects), long-distance airborne spread, or waterborne contact, which are not direct transfers of fluids between people. So those described ways—direct contact and droplet exposure from the person with the fluids—are the direct transmission pathways.